MediaWiki API result

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            "1071": {
                "pageid": 1071,
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                "title": "Technical Comments",
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                        "*": "*On older slower computers it can take a few minutes for all of the sound widgets to load. This goes faster on newer computers.\n\n*It's possible to get a preview of a WikipediaExtracts link by hovering over it, but sometimes it can take a number of seconds before the preview appears. The delay seems to be associated with whether an image is included in the preview. It's also possible to get a preview for a footnote; however, no preview system is currently implemented for links to Wiktionary entries.\n\n*It's possible to select one of the sound widgets and to use the arrow keys to navigate through the audio stream. One could also have the audio stream opened in another browser window or in another program.\n\n*The title of the lectures are taken from the Internet Archive page, but don't always go with the exact content for that particular session."
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                "title": "TestLectureTranscript",
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                        "*": "== Preliminaries ==\n\nGood morning. It's about ten past the half hour so it's time to begin. \n\nWelcome to History 186.\n\nLet me just start with a quick note on the audio. You've managed to catch me at the end of a nasty cold. The end of a bad cold is better than the beginning, but by consequence the audio is going to be a little scratchier today than it will ordinarily be.\n\n[[File:{{PAGENAME}}.ogg |start=0:21]]\n<nowiki>[0:21]</nowiki>\n \n\nA more consequential issue with the audio that I wanted to be all aware of at the beginning is that this semester's lectures are being podcast which means that they're available for distribution via iTunes. Probably most of you know what podcasting lectures involves.\n\n[[File:{{PAGENAME}}.ogg |start=0:37]]\n<nowiki>[0:37]</nowiki>\n\nThis is really good insofar and makes what we're doing in the classroom available to anybody outside of the classroom who's interested to listen in. The only downside of podcasting as I see it is that it makes it easy for all of you who ought to be in the classroom to sit at home on a cold morning like this and listen to the lecture remotely.\n\n[[File:{{PAGENAME}}.ogg |start=0:55]]\n<nowiki>[0:55]</nowiki>\n\n\nI would really prefer if you didn't. I don't have any mechanism enforce your attendance in the lectures. But I hope that you will not use the podcasting as a you know opportunity to avoid coming to lectures tempting as that might be when the weather is at frigid as it is today. It's all of what 50 degrees outside which is much colder than were accustomed to even in northern California.\n\n[[File:{{PAGENAME}}.ogg |start=1:20]]\n<nowiki>[1:20]</nowiki>\n\n== Introductory Anecdote: Nixon and Zhou Enlai ==\n\n\nThis is a history class. It's a class in {{WPExtract|contemporary history}}. But it is a history class. I'm a historian and as such I would like to start the class with an historical anecdote\n\nSo I'm going to take you back to May 1972. {{WPExtract|Richard Nixon}} has landed in {{WPExtract|China}} the first American president ever to visit the People's Republic.\n\nHe meets, besides meeting with {{WPExtract|Mao Zedong|Chairman Mao}}, with {{WPExtract|Zhou Enlai|Premier Zhou Enlai}} the effective Prime Minister of China.\n\nNixon, as those of you know anything about him may know, was a really socially awkward and inept personality in some respects.\nHe found it very difficult to make small talk. But he had been told by his advisors that Zhou Enlai was really interested in French history. So Nixon said, as you might in that situation, what do you think about the {{WPExtract|French Revolution}}? Zhou famously replied, \"it's too soon to tell\".\n\nThis anecdote is a suitable place to begin a history of recent world affairs. Zhou Enlai's reply might warn us against passing premature historical judgments. It's too soon to tell.\n\nThe episode I would suggest is cautionary in a different direction. It ought to caution us to get our facts right. Because Zhou Enlai was not referring to the French Revolution which you think of when we talk about the French Revolution (the Revolution of 1789) he was, according to Nixon's translator, referring to the {{WPExtract|May 1968 events in France|revolution of 1968}}.\n\nSo, besides cautioning us to avoid premature historical judgments, this episode might also remind us that when we do history it's important to get the history correct.\n\n== Why Study History? ==\n\nNonetheless, the question that Zhou Enlai raised, when is it too soon to tell, is an important one. Should historians study recent events? What business do we have studying the history of contemporary world politics, or world economics? Why not favor alternative disciplinary approaches? What do historians have to tell us? What do you have to learn from me that you might not learn about it in some other disciplinary context?\n\nWhy not takes a class in {{WPExtract|economics}} or {{WPExtract|sociology}} or {{WPExtract|political science}}? Are these disciplines that not offer some superior insight into the workings of the contemporary world? What might history offer that these approaches do not?\n\nTo answer this question we're going to have to raise some really fundamental questions? What is history, and what is the historian's role? And perhaps most important for all of you what do we learn from history?\n\nIs there any point in studying it? Is it just a random succession of facts and personalities? Or is there some larger purpose to the study of the past?\n\nYou know many philosophers and thinkers and historians have posed this question in the past. What is history? We might turn to some of the great canonical figures for answers.\n\n=== Elbert Hubbard ===\n\nLet's start first of all with {{WPExtract|Elbert Hubbard}}, an American radical and writer, famously described history as just one damn thing after another.<ref>Although see ({{citeweb|url=https://quoteinvestigator.com/2015/09/02/life-one/|title=Life Is Just One Damn Thing After Another|last=O'Toole|first=Garson|date=September 2, 2015|website=QuoteInvestigator.com|access-date=2018-08-14}}) and also ({{citeweb|url=https://quoteinvestigator.com/2015/09/16/history/|title=History Is Just One Damn Thing after Another|last=O'Toole|first=Garson|date=September 16, 2015|website=QuoteInvestigator.com|access-date=2018-08-14}})</ref>\n\nThis is one perspective on the past. It's just stuff that happens. Without any rhyme or reason or you know connection among events.\n\n=== Karl Marx ===\n\n{{WPExtract|Karl Marx}}, one of the most celebrated and influential philosophers of history of all time, had a perspective on history which is about the exact opposite of Elbert Hubbard's. For Marx history had a very clear logic. You all know what that logic is, right? What's the logic of history for Marx?\n\nThat's right. The logic of history for Marx is a logic of class struggle leading ultimately to the creation of a {{WPExtract|communism|communist}} society -- a profoundly influential historical concept.\n\n=== Thomas Macaulay ===\n\nBut there have been other influential historical concepts. Perhaps articulated somewhat less forthrightly than Marx.\n\nTake another British 19th century historical figure: {{WPExtract|Thomas Babington Macaulay|Thomas Macaulay}}. Macaulay was one of the great {{WPExtract|Whigs (British political party)|Whig}} historians. His view of history was that history represented an inexorable march of progress -- the steady march of reform even justice.\n\n=== Determinism and Randomness ===\n\nThe kind of historical determinism that figures like Marx and Macaulay favored, a determinism that sees history as having an ulterior logic, a direction, a purpose, has in some ways fallen out of favor with professional historians. We're much less inclined today to see all history as ultimately being reducible to the history of class struggle or to the history of Whiggish political reform than we might have been several generations ago.\n\nBut that doesn't mean that history is just one damn thing after another. We ought to be conscience of the ways in which history shapes us. How does history constrain our choices in the present? This is a question that historians have at some fundamental level to grapple with.\n\n== P\u00f3lya's urn ==\n\nTo think about this it may be useful to reflect upon a sort of mathematical problem ...\n\n== References ==\n\n<references/>\n\n== Testing ==\n\nThis is to test the bot in terms of dealing with cases where the value passed into the WPExtract template is a page that doesn't exist on Wikipedia:\n\nThis exists: {{WPExtract|Hello}}\n\nAlthough \"Algerian War\" exist \"The Algerian War\" does not exist:{{WPExtract|The Algerian War}}\n\nAnd this exists: {{WPExtract|Test}}\n\n\n[[WikipediaExtracts:Deng Xiaoping]]"
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