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Hosni Mubarak"},"order2":{"wt":"37th"},"office2":{"wt":"Prime Minister of Egypt"},"president2":{"wt":"Himself"},"term_start2":{"wt":"15 May 1980"},"term_end2":{"wt":"6 October 1981"},"predecessor2":{"wt":"Mustafa Khalil"},"successor2":{"wt":"Hosni Mubarak"},"president3":{"wt":"Himself"},"term_start3":{"wt":"26 March 1973"},"term_end3":{"wt":"25 September 1974"},"predecessor3":{"wt":"Aziz Sedky"},"successor3":{"wt":"Abdel Aziz Mohamed Hegazy"},"order4":{"wt":"4th"},"office4":{"wt":"Vice President of Egypt"},"president4":{"wt":"Gamal Abdel Nasser"},"term_start4":{"wt":"19 December 1969"},"term_end4":{"wt":"14 October 1970"},"predecessor4":{"wt":"Hussein el-Shafei"},"successor4":{"wt":"Ali Sabri"},"president5":{"wt":"Gamal Abdel Nasser"},"term_start5":{"wt":"17 February 1964"},"term_end5":{"wt":"26 March 1964"},"predecessor5":{"wt":"Hussein el-Shafei"},"successor5":{"wt":"Zakaria Mohieddin"},"office6":{"wt":"2nd Speaker of the National Assembly of Egypt"},"president6":{"wt":"Gamal Abdel Nasser"},"term_start6":{"wt":"21 July 1960"},"term_end6":{"wt":"20 January 1969"},"predecessor6":{"wt":"Abdel Latif Boghdadi"},"successor6":{"wt":"Mohamed Labib Skokeir"},"birth_date":{"wt":"{{birth date|df=yes|1918|12|25}}"},"birth_place":{"wt":"Mit Abu El Kom, Monufia, Egypt"},"death_date":{"wt":"{{death date and age|df=yes|1981|10|6|1918|12|25}}"},"death_place":{"wt":"Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt"},"death_cause":{"wt":"Assassination"},"resting_place":{"wt":"Unknown Soldier Memorial"},"spouse":{"wt":"{{unbulleted list|{{marriage|Eqbal Afifi<ref>{{citation|last=Finklestone|first=Joseph|year=2013|title=Anwar Sadat: Visionary Who Dared|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-19565-6|quote=Significantly, Anwar Sadat did not mention aspects in his early life...It was in Mit Abul-Kum that Eqbal Afifi, the woman who was his wife for ten years and whom he left, was also born. Her family was of higher social standing than Anwar's, being of Turkish origin...|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/anwarsadatvision0000fink}}</ref>|end=separated}}|{{marriage|Jehan Sadat|1949}}}}<ref>{{Cite news|last=Serrieh|first=Joanne|date=9 July 2021|title=Jehan Sadat, wife of late Anwar Sadat, dies after short battle with illness: Reports|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2021/07/09/Jehan-Sadat-wife-of-late-Anwar-Sadat-dies-after-short-battle-with-illness-Reports%7Caccess-date=18 March 2024|work=Al Arabiya English|language=en}}</ref>"},"children":{"wt":"7"},"party":{"wt":"National Democratic Party"},"other_party":{"wt":"Arab Socialist Union<br>National Union<br>Young Egypt Party"},"education":{"wt":"Egyptian Military Academy"},"allegiance":{"wt":"Egypt"},"branch":{"wt":"{{flagicon|Egypt|1972}} Egyptian Army"},"service_years":{"wt":"1938–1952"},"rank":{"wt":" Colonel (active)<br> Field Marshal (honorary)"},"signature":{"wt":"Anwar El Sadat Signature.svg"},"module":{"wt":"{{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Anwar Sadat voice.ogg|title=Anwar Sadat's voice|type=speech|description=Sadat on Egypt–United States relations<br/>Recorded 6 August 1981}}"},"honorific_prefix":{"wt":"His Excellency"}},"i":0}}]}' id="mwCw">

Muhammad Anwar es-Sadat (25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was an Egyptian politician and military officer who was the third president of Egypt from 1970 until his assassination in 1981. A former member of the Free Officers movement, Sadat was vice president under Gamal Abdel Nasser on two occasions and assumed the office on Nasser's death in 1970.

In his 11 years as president, he changed Egypt's trajectory, departing from many political and economic tenets of Nasserism, reinstituting a multi-party system, and launching the Infitah economic policy. As President, he led Egypt in the October war of 1973 to regain Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, which Israel had occupied since the Six-Day War of 1967, making him a hero in Egypt and, for a time, the wider Arab world. Afterwards, he engaged in negotiations with Israel, culminating in the Camp David Accords and the Egypt–Israel peace treaty.

Although reaction to the treaty – which resulted in the return of Sinai to Egypt – was generally favorable among Egyptians, it was rejected by the country's Muslim Brotherhood and the left, which felt Sadat had abandoned efforts to ensure a State of Palestine. With the exception of Sudan, the Arab world and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) strongly opposed Sadat's efforts to make a separate peace with Israel without prior consultations with the Arab states. His refusal to reconcile with them over the Palestinian issue resulted in Egypt being suspended from the Arab League from 1979 to 1989. The peace treaty was also one of the primary factors that led to his assassination; on 6 October 1981, militants led by Khalid Al-Islambuli opened fire on Sadat with automatic rifles during the 6 October parade in Cairo, killing him.

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