WikipediaExtracts:Xi Jinping

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(2013–2023)\n| Li Qiang<br />(2023–present)}}"},"vice_president1":{"wt":"{{ubl\n| Li Yuanchao<br />(2013–2018)\n| Wang Qishan<br />(2018–2023)\n| Han Zheng<br />(2023–present)}}"},"term_start1":{"wt":"14 March 2013"},"predecessor1":{"wt":"Hu Jintao"},"office2":{"wt":"Chairman of the Central Military Commission"},"deputy2":{"wt":"{{ubl\n| Fan Changlong<br />(2013–2018)\n| Zhang Youxia<br />(2018–2026)\n| Xu Qiliang<br />(2013–2023)\n| He Weidong<br />(2023–2025)\n| Zhang Shengmin<br />(2025–present)}}"},"term_start2":{"wt":"{{ubl\n| '''Party Commission''':<br />{{nowrap|15 November 2012}}\n| '''State Commission''':<br />{{nowrap|14 March 2013}}}}"},"predecessor2":{"wt":"Hu Jintao\n\n{{Collapsed infobox section begin|Other offices held}}"},"office3":{"wt":"Vice President of China"},"president3":{"wt":"Hu Jintao"},"term_start3":{"wt":"15 March 2008"},"term_end3":{"wt":"14 March 2013"},"predecessor3":{"wt":"Zeng Qinghong"},"successor3":{"wt":"Li Yuanchao"},"office4":{"wt":"Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission"},"1blankname4":{"wt":"Chairman"},"1namedata4":{"wt":"Hu Jintao"},"alongside4":{"wt":"Guo Boxiong and Xu Caihou"},"term4":{"wt":"{{ubl\n| '''Party Commission''':<br />{{nowrap|18 October 2010}} – {{nowrap|15 November 2012}}\n| '''State Commission''':<br />{{nowrap|28 October 2010}} – {{nowrap|14 March 2013}}}}"},"office5":{"wt":"Party Secretary of Shanghai"},"term_start5":{"wt":"24 March 2007"},"term_end5":{"wt":"27 October 2007"},"predecessor5":{"wt":"Han Zheng"},"successor5":{"wt":"Yu Zhengsheng"},"office6":{"wt":"Party Secretary of Zhejiang"},"term_start6":{"wt":"24 December 2002"},"term_end6":{"wt":"25 March 2007"},"predecessor6":{"wt":"Zhang Dejiang"},"successor6":{"wt":"Zhao Hongzhu"},"office7":{"wt":"Governor of Zhejiang"},"term_start7":{"wt":"12 October 2002"},"term_end7":{"wt":"22 January 2003"},"predecessor7":{"wt":"Zeng Qinghong"},"successor7":{"wt":"Li Yuanchao"},"office8":{"wt":"Governor of Fujian"},"term_start8":{"wt":"9 August 1999"},"term_end8":{"wt":"12 October 2002"},"predecessor8":{"wt":"He Guoqiang"},"successor8":{"wt":"Lu Zhangong\n{{Collapsed infobox section end}}"},"birth_date":{"wt":"{{Birth date and age|df=yes|1953|06|15}}"},"birth_place":{"wt":"Beijing, China"},"party":{"wt":"Communist Party of China (since 1974)"},"spouse":{"wt":"{{ubl|\n{{Marriage|Ke Lingling|1979|1982|end=divorced}}\n| {{Marriage|Peng Liyuan|1 September 1987}}}}"},"children":{"wt":"Xi Mingze"},"education":{"wt":"Tsinghua University (BS, LLD)"},"parents":{"wt":"{{ubl|\n| Xi Zhongxun\n| Qi Xin\n}}"},"relatives":{"wt":"Xi family"},"signature":{"wt":"Xi Jinping signature (2023).svg"},"footnotes":{"wt":"{{Collapsible list\n| titlestyle = background-color:#FCF;text-align:center;\n| title = Central institution membership<ref name=\":resume\">{{Cite news |date=25 October 2017 |title=习近平同志简历 |trans-title=Resume of Comrade Xi Jinping |url=https://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/leaders/2017-10/25/c_1121856289.htm |access-date=19 May 2026 |work=Xinhua News Agency}}</ref>\n| bullets = on\n| 2007–: 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th Politburo Standing Committee\n| 2007–: 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th Politburo\n| 2007–2012: Member (first-ranked), 17th Secretariat\n| 2002–: Full member, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th Central Committee\n| 1997–2002: Alternate member, 15th Central Committee\n| 1998–: Delegate, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th National People's Congress\n}}\n----\n{{Collapsible list\n| titlestyle = background-color:#FCF;text-align:center;\n| title = Leading Groups and Commissions{{Sfn |Li |2022 |p=1}}{{Sfn |Miller |2008 |p=6}}\n| bullets = on\n| 2018–present: Director, Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission\n| 2018–present: Director, Central Foreign Affairs Commission\n| 2018–2023: Director, Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission<ref>{{Cite news |last=Zheng |first=William |date=28 March 2024 |title=Xi Jinping's chief of staff is China's new internet tsar, sources say |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3257096/xi-jinpings-chief-staff-chinas-new-internet-tsar-sources-say |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328165657/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3257096/xi-jinpings-chief-staff-chinas-new-internet-tsar-sources-say |archive-date=28 March 2024 |access-date=28 March 2024 |work=South China Morning Post}}</ref>\n| 2018–present: Director, Central Comprehensive Law-based Governance Commission\n| 2018–present: Director, Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission\n| 2014–present: Leader, Leading Group for Defence and Military Reform\n| 2014–2018: Leader, Leading Group for Internet Security and Informatization\n| 2013–present: Chairman, National Security Commission\n| 2013–2018: Leader, Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs\n| 2013–2018: Leader, Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms\n| 2012–present: Leader, Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs\n| 2012–2018: Leader, Foreign Affairs Leading Group\n| 2007–2012: Leader Group for Party Building\n| c. 2007–2012: Leader, Leading Group for Activities of Deepening the Study and Practice of the Scientific Outlook on Development<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2014 |title=三、全党深入学习实践科学发展观活动 |trans-title=III. The Party-wide Campaign to Deepen the Study and Implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development |url=http://theory.people.com.cn/n/2014/0603/c385524-25097772.html |access-date=30 May 2026 |website=Chinese Communist Party News Network}}</ref>\n| 2007–2012: Leader, Central Coordination Group for Hong Kong and Macau Affairs\n}}\n----\n{{Collapsible list\n| titlestyle = background-color:#FCF; text-align:center;\n| title = Other offices held<ref name=\":resume\"/>{{Sfn |Li |2022 |pp=1–2}}\n| bullets = on\n| 2016–present: Commander-in-chief, Central Military Commission Joint Operations Command Center\n| 2010–2013: Vice Chairman, State Central Military Commission\n| 2010–2012: Vice Chairman, Party Central Military Commission\n| 2008–2013: Vice President of China\n| 2007–2012: President, Central Party School\n| 2007: Party Committee Secretary, Shanghai municipality\n| 2002–2007: Party Secretary, Zhejiang province, director, Standing Committee of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress\n| 2002: Deputy Party Secretary & acting governor, Zhejiang province\n| 1999–2002: Governor, Fujian province\n| 1995–2002: Deputy Party Secretary, Fujian province\n| 1990–1996: Party Secretary, Fuzhou\n| 1990–1996: Chairman, Standing Committee of the Fuzhou Municipal People's Congress\n| 1988–1990: Party Secretary, Ningde\n| 1985–1988: Deputy Mayor, Xiamen\n| 1983–1985: Party Secretary, Zhengding County\n}}\n----\n{{center|'''Paramount Leader of<br />the People's Republic of China'''<br />\n{{flatlist|\n* {{big|'''←'''}} Hu Jintao\n* (''Current holder'')\n}}\n}}"},"module":{"wt":"{{Infobox scientist\n | embed = yes\n | thesis_title = A Tentative Study on China's Rural Marketization\n | thesis_url = https://archive.org/details/20220730_20220730_1031\n | thesis_year = 2001\n | doctoral_advisor = Liu Meixun ({{lang|zh|刘美珣}})\n}}"},"module2":{"wt":"{{Listen voice\n | name = Xi\n | filename = Xi Jinping addressing the press October 2022.ogg\n | description = Xi speaking to reporters after the First Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party\n | recorded = 22 October 2022\n}}"},"module3":{"wt":"{{Infobox Chinese\n| child = yes\n| pic = Xi Jinping (Chinese characters).svg\n| piccap = \"Xi Jinping\" in simplified (top) and traditional (bottom) Chinese characters\n| picupright = 0.5\n| s = 习近平\n| t = 習近平\n<!--Mandarin-->\n| p = Xí Jìnpíng\n| bpmf = ㄒㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ\n| w = {{tonesup|Hsi2 Chin4-pʻing2}}\n| wyr = Syí Jìnpíng\n| mps = Shí Jìn-píng\n| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|x|i|2|-|j|in|4|.|p|ing|2}}\n<!--Hakka-->\n| h = Sip⁶ Kiun⁴\n| phfs = Si̍p Khiun-phìn\n<!--Yue/Cantonese-->\n| y = Jaahp Gahn-pìhng\n| ci = {{IPAc-yue|z|aap|6|-|g|an|6|.|p|ing|4}}\n| j = Zaap6 Gan6-ping4\n<!--Min-->\n| poj = Si̍p Kīn-pêng\n| tl = Si̍p Kīn-pîng\n| bp = Síp Gîn-bíng\n| buc = Sĭk Gê̤ṳng-ping\n<!--Others-->\n| lmz = Zih8 Jin6-bin6\n| order = st\n}}"},"awards":{"wt":"Full list"},"alt":{"wt":"Xi in 2026, wearing black suit, smiling"}},"i":0}}]}' 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Xi Jinping (born 15 June 1953) is a Chinese politician who is the paramount leader of China. He has served as the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and chairman of the Party Central Military Commission (CMC) since 2012, and as the president of China and chairman of the State Central Military Commission since 2013.

The elder son of Xi Zhongxun's second marriage to Qi Xin, Xi was born in Beijing. He is considered a princeling but kept a low-key image in his early career. As a teenager, his father was purged, and he was sent down to the rural village of Liangjiahe, Shaanxi, during the Cultural Revolution. He lived in a yaodong there, joined the CCP after several failed attempts, and served as the local party secretary. After studying chemical engineering at Tsinghua University as a worker-peasant-soldier student, Xi rose through the party ranks. He served as governor of Fujian from 1999 to 2002 before serving as governor and party secretary of Zhejiang from 2002 to 2007. Xi briefly replaced disgraced Shanghai party secretary Chen Liangyu in 2007, the same year he joined the Politburo Standing Committee and became the first-ranked member of the Secretariat. Appointed vice president in 2008 and vice chairman of the CMC in 2010, he succeeded Hu Jintao as China's leader in 2012, becoming the first paramount leader to be born after the foundation of the People's Republic of China.

Under his leadership, China adopted the Made in China 2025 policy and promoted higher-value manufacturing and efforts to reduce reliance on foreign technology. His tenure has also been characterized by a sweeping anti-corruption campaign, a restructuring of the People's Liberation Army, poverty alleviation, increased state control over the economy and society, and regulatory crackdowns on the private sector, notably in real estate, technology, and for-profit tutoring, alongside expanded censorship and mass surveillance and a deterioration in human rights. During the COVID-19 pandemic, he imposed zero-COVID policies for two years before lifting them following widespread protests.

Xi has pursued an assertive foreign policy, including toward China–United States relations, in the South China Sea, and along the Sino-Indian border dispute. He expanded China's economic and diplomatic presence in Africa and Eurasia through the Belt and Road Initiative. His 2015 meeting with Taiwanese president Ma Ying-jeou, the first between cross-strait leaders since the Chinese Civil War, was followed by deteriorating relations under the Democratic Progressive Party. He oversaw the enactment of the 2020 Hong Kong national security law, which effectively suppressed the city's pro-democracy camp. In 2018, Xi amended the constitution to remove presidential term limits and, upon his re-election in 2023, became the first Chinese president to serve more than two terms. Xi's ideology, known as Xi Jinping Thought, has been incorporated into the party and national constitutions.

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