WikipediaExtracts:Arnold J. Toynbee
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Jocelyn Toynbee (sister)"},"spouse":{"wt":"{{unbulleted list | {{marriage|Rosalind Murray|1913|1946|end=div}} | {{marriage|Veronica M. Boulter|1946}}}}"},"children":{"wt":"3, including Philip"},"main_interests":{"wt":"Universal history"},"influences":{"wt":"{{flatlist|\n* Carl Jung<ref>{{cite book |last=Hall |first=Ian |year=2006 |title=The International Thought of Martin Wight |location=New York |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page=188 |doi=10.1057/9781403983527 |isbn=978-1-4039-8352-7}}</ref>\n* Ibn Khaldun<ref name=Britannica>''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 15th ed., vol. 9, p. 148.</ref>\n* {{Ill|Anton Hilckman|de|Anton Hilckman|lt=Anton Hilckman}}\n* Oswald Spengler<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Joll|first=James|date=1985|title=Two Prophets of the Twentieth Century: Spengler and Toynbee|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20097037%7Cjournal=Review of International Studies|volume=11|issue=2|pages=91–104|doi=10.1017/S026021050011424X|jstor=20097037|s2cid=145705005 |issn=0260-2105|url-access=subscription}}</ref>\n}}"},"influenced":{"wt":"{{flatlist|\n* Christopher Dawson\n* Carroll Quigley<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Evolution of Civilizations - An Introduction to Historical Analysis (1979)|url=http://archive.org/details/CarrollQuigley-TheEvolutionOfCivilizations-AnIntroductionTo%7Cvia=Internet Archive}}</ref>\n* David Wilkinson<ref>{{cite news|url=https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/spc/index.php/CCR/article/view/12262/12162%7Ctitle=Central Civilization|last1=Wilkinson|first1=David|author-link1=David Wilkinson (political scientist)|journal=Comparative Civilizations Review|volume=17|date=Fall 1987|pages=31–59}}</ref>\n}}"},"education":{"wt":"Balliol College, Oxford"},"signature":{"wt":"Arnold J Toynbee signature 1948.svg"}},"i":0}}]}' id="mwCg"><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:Biography_with_signature"/><link rel="mw:PageProp/Category" href="./Category:Articles_with_hCards"/>
Arnold Joseph Toynbee (; 14 April 1889 – 22 October 1975) was an English historian, a philosopher of history, an author of numerous books and a research professor of international history at the London School of Economics and King's College London. From 1918 to 1950, Toynbee was considered a leading specialist on international affairs; from 1929 to 1956 he was the Director of Studies at Chatham House, in which position he also produced 34 volumes of the Survey of International Affairs, a "bible" for international specialists in Britain.
He is best known for his 12-volume A Study of History (1934–1961). With his large output of papers, articles, speeches, presentations, and numerous books translated into many languages, Toynbee was widely read and discussed in the 1940s and 1950s.
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